Last year, scientists found that "per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances," or "forever chemicals," might poison rainfall worldwide, making it unsafe for human consumption. A study of previously secret industry records has shown that these chemical manufacturers knew about the hazards but suppressed that knowledge. The investigation examined DuPont and 3M PFA papers. Industry papers demonstrate that PFAS was "highly toxic when inhaled and moderately toxic when ingested" by 1970, forty years before the public health community. "The industry used several strategies that have been shown commonly to tobacco, pharmaceutical, and other industries to influence science and regulation, most notably suppressing unfavorable research and distorting public discourse," the researchers wrote...

The scientists created the "Massive Generator for Plasma Burst Experiments" (Magpie), a pulsed energy generator that can generate 1.8 million amperes in 240 nanoseconds. Imperial College London scientists created a revolving plasma disk in the lab to imitate black hole disks. Black holes, too. They cannot radiate because their gravitational force pulls everything that exceeds their outside limits, including light, the fastest stuff in the cosmos. Thus, a human entering a black hole is entirely shut off from this world since whatever light, radio signal, or scream he sends to us bounce back into it. Because of this, current telescopic photographs show a black hole as a black ball encircled by bright rings of matter beyond its bounds. The mass surrounding the black hole may f...

Japanese scientists intend to launch a wooden satellite in 2024. Kyoto University and Sumitomo Forestry, a Japanese logging giant, tested a high-durability wood aboard the ISS to explore if terrestrial materials might survive orbital life.The Independent said that their testing indicated minimal wood degradation and high strength. After Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata returned the wood samples from the International Space Station, they were tested for strength and crystal structure. After 10 months in orbit, Kyoto University found no cracking, warping, peeling, or surface damage in the samples. Scientists found no mass change in the recovered wood samples before or after space exposure. The worldwide research group expects Magnolia wood, or "Hoonoki" in Japanese, to be ut...

NASA astronauts on the International Space Station are preparing for a June 9 spacewalk to install new solar arrays while performing health and scientific experiments. The solar array-carrying SpaceX Dragon cargo vehicle may be delayed by weather at Kennedy Space Center. A cargo-laden U.S. resupply ship is counting down before takeoff to restock orbiting outpost occupants. NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg will install one of two roll-out solar panels on the space station's starboard-side truss structure on June 9. In the Quest airlock, the pair configured spacesuits and spacewalk gear on Friday morning. Hoburg checked his EMU with NASA Flight Engineer Frank Rubio in the afternoon. The International Space Station's Expedition 69 ended the week with spaces...

The European Space Agency (ESA) commemorated the 20th anniversary of the Mars Express spacecraft on Friday by displaying images sent by the spacecraft approximately every 50 seconds. Given the relative positions of Earth and Mars yesterday, it took approximately 17 minutes for signals from the spacecraft to reach our planet. This meant that the live broadcast that occurred on Friday stretched the definition of the term "live" somewhat. Nonetheless, this is the first time that near-instant images from Mars have been shown to the public. The European Space Agency broadcast the first Mars "live" transmission. "Oh, here it is! This is the first image from Mars, and it's the closest you'll ever get to the red planet unless you voyage there yourself. "This is Mars 16 minutes ag...

A black hole has just now belched out the letter "H," which has astronomers and people all around the world incredibly excited. A bright pink "H" is etched into the scaldingly hot plasma that orbits a supermassive black hole that sits at the center of a very large galaxy. This hole is in the very center of the galaxy. Incredible as it may seem, the height of the structure is 40,000 light years, which is equivalent to more than half the diameter of our galaxy, the Milky Way. The letter "H" was seen in an X-ray snapshot of the gas that surrounds the black hole in the irregular galaxy Messier 84 (M84), which is located around 60 million light-years distant from Earth in the constellation Virgo. This shows the letter "H" produced in hot plasma by black hole jets. The research ...

As part of its investigation into the interior of the globe, China has begun excavating a hole in the surface of the Earth that will eventually reach a depth of 10 kilometers. Beijing's goals of exploring new frontiers are moving forward at a rapid speed as the city launches a mission to track both the inner and the outer limits of the globe in space. The ten thousand-meter deep borewells is now being dug in the Tarim Basin, which is located in the Xinjiang region, which is located in northwest China and has been in the news for keeping Uyghur Muslims. The crew will dig very far into the Earth, penetrating more than ten different continental strata. This will provide them with information that may be used to recreate the history of the Earth's continents, including the developmen...